Week+06+(Oct+10+-+15)

= WEEKLY SCHEDULE: = =Monday, Oct. 10th: No School -- enjoy your extended weekend... = =Tuesday, Oct. 11th: No School (I will conduct tech pd for the staff) = =Wednesday, Oct. 12th (BX Day): 10:12 - 12:03 (extended period) -- Shark Tank and group work= =Thursday, Oct. 13th (C Day): No class = =Friday, Oct. 14th (D Day): 11:56 - 12:39 -- Public Speaking/presentations (Paper and PowerPoint as outlined)=

(next week : Wed Oct 19 after school in room e-160 anyone in DECA who is interested in being an officer come to this meeting)
= Please try and post your presentation materials to the page MarketASportsDrinkProject =

(Logistics such as working with the bus company need to be handled well in advance.)
= WSJ WEEKLY ARTICLE: = Respond to the questions in the Discussion tab above (include your name). Due 5:00 p.m. on Friday. For this week you can choose one of three articles:
 * 1) Decoding Our Chatter (Twitter)
 * 2) Nokia Aims Software At Low-End Phones
 * 3) BlackBerry Maker's Issue: Gadgets for Work or Play?

=ARTICLE #1: Decoding Our Chatter= //Want to monitor an earthquake, track political activity or predict the ups and downs of the stock market? Researchers have found a bonanza of real-time data in the torrential flow of Twitter feeds.//

VIDEO
By [|ROBERT LEE HOTZ]

 When Virginia's magnitude 5.8 earthquake hit last August, the first Twitter reports sent from people at the epicenter began almost instantly at 1:51 p.m.—and reached New York about 40 seconds ahead of the quake's first shock waves, according to calculations by the social media company SocialFlow. The flood of messages peaked at 5,500 tweets a second.  Getty ImagesCompared with information from cellphone records and social-media sites, Twitter texts are as timely as a pulse beat and, taken together, automatically compile the raw material of social history.   The first terse tweets also outpaced the U.S. Geological Survey's conventional seismometers, which normally can take from two to 20 minutes to generate an alert. The agency is now experimenting with Twitter as a faster and cheaper way to track earthquakes.   Never have scientists had so much readily accessible, real-time data about what people say. Twitter, the service that allows users to send text updates of up to 140 characters out to the public, publishes more than 200 million messages, or tweets, a day. Compared with information from cellphone records and social-media sites, Twitter texts are as timely as a pulse beat and, taken together, automatically compile the raw material of social history.   As Twitter's message traffic has grown explosively, so has the scientific appetite for the insights the data can yield. Dozens of new scholarly studies over the past 18 months by computer-network analysts and sociologists have plumbed the public torrents of data made available by Twitter through special links with the company's computer servers. This research has harnessed the service to monitor political activity and employee morale, track outbreaks of flu and food poisoning, map fluctuations in moods around the world, predict box-office receipts for new movies, and get a jump on changes in the stock market.   When the magnitude 8.8 Chilean earthquake hit last year, researchers found that on Twitter the truth often won out over misinformation. "When a rumor is true, it spreads faster," said computer analyst Barbara Poblete at the University of Chile in Santiago.   Ms. Poblete and her colleagues analyzed how survivors of the earthquake used the messaging service in lieu of more conventional communications that had been knocked out. They discovered that in the crisis, Twitter crowds reflexively sorted facts from falsehoods, exercising a collective wisdom on the fly. She found enough measurable differences in language, citations and posting patterns to devise a way to assess the credibility of Twitter texts automatically, with an accuracy of about 70%.   "The network itself can provide a filter for valid information," Ms. Poblete said. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> All of this data is also proving to be valuable in the marketplace. Hundreds of social media, data-mining and financial-services companies now are paying a base rate of up to $360,000 a year for Twitter's information, according to executives at the two companies that are licensed to market it world-wide—Gnip Inc. in Boulder, Colo., and Datasift in Reading, U.K. "Twitter is protective of who has the data and where it is going," said Nick Halstead, chief operating officer at DataSift. "It is the ultimate customer research tool." <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> In an era of digital deception, scientists at Indiana University are using Twitter to investigate the nature of truth, lies and politics. WSJ's Robert Lee Hotz reports. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> Though the practice is still experimental, Twitter data already have become a key variable in behavioral finance investment formulas. "The hedge funds are leading the way," said Chris Moody, chief operating officer at Gnip. Mr. Moody declined to name Gnip's financial customers. "They don't want anyone to know their secret sauce," he said. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> The company does supply Twitter data to an investment firm in London called Derwent Capital Markets, which set up a $40 million hedge fund in May that openly uses a Twitter-based formula to guide its investment decisions. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> Researchers at Indiana University and the University of Manchester who developed the fund's technique say that they can reliably predict changes in the stock market by up to four days, based on the ups and downs of the national mood as expressed through key words in texts sent by 130,000 regular Twitter users.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;">Twitter's Divided Politics[|View Interactive] <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;">

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;">Twitter's Global Moods[|View Interactive] <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> **[|More photos and interactive graphics]** <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> "We can make these predictions in real time, and I think it can be leveraged by a hedge fund to gain an advantage in the market," said Indiana computer scientist Johan Bollen, an adviser to the Derwent fund who helped to pioneer the sentiment analysis technique. "We have become more confident that this actually works." <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> After its first full month of trading in July, the investment firm announced that it had out-performed the Standard & Poor's 500 for that month, returning 1.85% while the index fell 2.2%. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> Researchers led by Bernardo Huberman at Hewlett-Packard's Social Computing Laboratory have used Twitter to predict box office hits and flops. They successfully forecast the financial fate of 24 films, including "The Blind Side" and "New Moon," by analyzing the intensity of the word-of-mouth about them on Twitter. "We are interested in doing the same thing for products," said Dr. Huberman. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> Other researchers remain skeptical of Twitter's purported predictive power.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> This summer, for example, researchers at Wellesley College in Massachusetts examined the Twitter traffic during six close congressional elections last year, trying to see if the volume and emotional tone of the messages related to each race could have been used to predict the outcomes. In all, they analyzed a quarter million messages involving more than 60,000 people. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> "Twitter did no better than chance," reported computer scientist Eni Mustafaraj, who led the research. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> The military has recognized Twitter as a new battlefield for information warfare. In July, the Pentagon's Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency began exploring the possibility of a $42 million effort to detect online "persuasion campaigns" and "influence operations" aimed at spreading ideas through Twitter and other social media. The agency also wants to develop new technology for automatically "counter-messaging" adversaries.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;">Tweeting the Tremors <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> "Changes to the nature of conflict resulting from the use of social media are likely to be as profound as those resulting from previous communications revolutions," said DARPA spokesman Eric Mazzacone in a written response to questions. "Adversaries may exploit social media and related technologies for disinformation." <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> At Southeastern Louisiana University, researchers reported that they could track influenza outbreaks by collating the rise in Twitter texts from people complaining about flu symptoms as effectively as more conventional public health reporting methods used by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> Unlike other instant-messaging systems, email, Facebook or Google, the personal information sent through Twitter accounts is public by default. Anyone with a free account can tap into the streams of conversation, merge themes or introduce new topics by employing short codes called hashtags, which are used to earmark subjects of discussion. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> [|View Interactive] <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> "With Twitter, you have a microphone, in effect, above all the millions of conversations that are going on during a day," said computer scientist Alan Mislove at Northeastern University in Boston, who uses the messaging service to track rumors, national moods and commercial brand information. "These pieces of information don't reveal much by themselves, but when you add them together they reveal quite a lot, and that's when it starts to get scary." <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> Last year, in an analysis of over 300 million tweets, Mr. Mislove and his colleagues found that people's moods follow consistent patterns over the hours of a day (with the highest levels of happiness in early morning and late evening) and the days of the week. The mood of each tweet was inferred by keywords like love, paradise and suicide. And, they found, people on the West Coast were significantly happier than people on the East Coast. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> Researchers concede that their studies have some limitations. Twitter users tend to be younger adults, urban, more affluent and less likely to have children; they are not a cross-section of society as a whole. Still, researchers say, there is considerable diversity—demographic, national and cultural—among those who use the service, and it is possible to make meaningful generalizations from the flow of their messages. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> No one is sure exactly how many of Twitter's 200 million or so registered user accounts are active at any one time and how many are dummy accounts. Twitter recently acknowledged that only half send messages. Some account holders aren't even human. Automated software programs called "bots," designed to spread advertising blurbs, run them. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> A relatively small group of 20,000 users commands the most attention, researchers at Yahoo Research have discovered. They are neither the most prolific nor the most widely followed users, but the website links they recommend are more often repeated and shared by others. When it comes to focusing public attention, content matters more than celebrity, the studies suggest. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> Scanning 580 million tweets over eight months, Stanford University researchers discovered that Twitter topics seemed to rise and fall in six distinctive patterns that could help to predict their popularity. At Cornell University, network analysts discovered that bad news appeared to fade fastest, weighed down by words with negative connotations. Good news more often floated to the top, buoyed in part by words with positive associations. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> As Twitter markets its commercial data more aggressively, some scientists say their requests for access to Twitter's full data stream are being turned down more often. "Twitter has definitely become more wary about sharing their data," said computer scientist Jon Kleinberg at Cornell University. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> Twitter executives declined to be interviewed about the company's sale and sharing of data. A spokeswoman said in a written statement that the company actively supports academic research—up to a point. Twitter is donating all of its message data to the U.S. Library of Congress, but it may be years before it is available and then only with restrictions on its use imposed by the company. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> Many computational sociologists believe that Twitter offers a unique prism for studying communications across the political spectrum—and a rich source of strategic intelligence for targeting voters. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> Researchers say they can easily predict a Twitter user's political leanings by looking at whose messages they relay to friends and followers and matching them to gender, location and other interests. The hashtag codes used to denote discussion topics give network researchers a reliable way to chart fluid political alliances. The researchers can also sort Twitter messages automatically by tell-tale keywords. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> Twitter also has become a powerful political organizing tool. University of Michigan researchers pored through Twitter posts from 700 campaigns in the 2010 election and found that conservative candidates were more likely than liberal candidates to use Twitter to broadcast campaign messages. When it comes to Twitter, conservative activists were more organized, more in touch with each other, and more likely to stay on message. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> The new messaging medium has also spawned a new form of political deception, in which campaign operatives marshal an array of dummy Twitter accounts to spread rumors or misinformation. Like form letters, robo-calls and push polls, these Twitter tactics are inexpensive, since user accounts are free, and can potentially reach many more people than traditional campaign attack ads. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> By analyzing millions of tweets during recent U.S. elections and policy battles, researchers at Indiana University and other non-partisan computer analysts have identified dozens of cases in which activists orchestrated networks of dummy accounts, apparently operated by computerized scripts, to sway swing voters, influence pending legislation or promote a partisan cause by turning the popular messaging service into a political echo chamber of automatically re-tweeted texts. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> "This is manipulation of social media, not to sell a product or steal a password, but to manipulate public opinion," said computer scientist Filippo Menczer at Indiana University's Center for Complex Networks and Systems Research, which monitors Twitter traffic to document such practices. "It is so cheap and easy. The incentives for abuse are huge." <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> They detected efforts to spam the system for political ends from both sides of the partisan divide. On the right, for example, they uncovered a pair of accounts that, mimicking the chatter of two politically active women, sent out more than 20,000 messages promoting Republican congressional candidates. On the left, they found 15 orchestrated Twitter accounts acting in unison to promote liberal immigration reform. A third account transmitted more than 15,000 texts fanning anti-Muslim sentiments, including links to a video of a beheading. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> These prolific tweeters were most likely not real people, the scientists determined, but automated shams, based on the pattern and volume of the messaging. This sort of deception appears to be evolving faster than Twitter Inc.'s security measures can control them. The company forbids spam and efforts to mislead, confuse or deceive people. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> In anticipation of the upcoming U.S. presidential contest, researchers at Indiana University have been working on ways to detect and defuse Twitter misinformation campaigns automatically. But the technology of Twitter is moving so quickly that detection efforts can barely keep pace. "People can game these systems and, in gaming them, they help bias the results of any data company," said social media analyst Danah Boyd at Microsoft Research. "It's a real challenge." <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> Pitting machine intelligence against human gullibility, researchers at the Web Ecology Project in San Francisco are using Twitter as a proving ground for advanced pre-programmed personalities called "socialbots" that can engage in extended conversations via Twitter by imitating the behavior of real people sending and receiving messages. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> Designed to attract a large Twitter following, these code creations are constructed as an experiment in human-machine interactions, but the software could readily be turned to other purposes. "For good or for ill, you can get people to talk about a topic and potentially affect real-world behavior," said independent software developer Tim Hwang, who has been overseeing the effort. "If the bots are well-designed, they are undetectable." <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> In surreptitious tests online earlier this year, these socialbots fooled 300 unwary Twitter users. After refining their software, the group this month launched dozens of even more sophisticated Twitterbots, hoping to build relationships with thousands of unsuspecting users. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> One Twitterbot from an earlier experiment—its account now disabled —masqueraded as a sports enthusiast. "I love going on adventures whenever I can find the time to dust off my passport," its biographical profile read. Its profile picture showed an exultant mountain climber. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> "Once we launched it, it was fully on its own," said software engineer Greg Marra at Google in Mountain View, Calif., who helped to develop the bot as a college project. By design, "it would pick up a tweet from another user and parrot it. Completely unsupervised, it could produce a stream of plagiarized tweets." <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> During its nine months as an active Twitter user, it sent hundreds of messages about sports, sex, diabetes and the importance of online marketing. It attracted 1,538 followers, who apparently never realized they were in a relationship with a robot. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> Network sociologists are worried that these newest contrivances may offer others a powerful way to manipulate people through Twitter on an even larger scale. "Doing this on Twitter with a thousand accounts or a million accounts is the next step," said Indiana University computer scientist Jacob Ratkiewicz.
 * 'Omg earthquake!!!'
 * 'Coworker: Was that an earthquake?? Me: Not sure, let me check Twitter.'
 * 'Read about earthquake on Twitter before I felt it in Boston.'
 * '1:51 Earthquake. 1:54 First Earthquake jokes hit Internet. 2:05 Everyone is already sick of Earthquake meme.'

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> Same article (two different links): <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #003399; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> [|http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052970204138204576598942105167646.html#ixzz1a7Bcs5PP]

[|http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052970204138204576598942105167646.html#ixzz1a7B0qy3t]

=Article #2: Nokia Aims Software At Low-End Phones=

By [|CHRISTOPHER LAWTON]
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;">Nokia Corp., having abandoned its ambition to develop a high-end operating system, is shifting its programming efforts toward creating software for its low-end phones, according to people familiar with the matter.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> Agence France-Presse/Getty ImagesThe N9 smartphone is a result of previous Nokia software efforts. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> The project is a Linux-based operating system code-named Meltemi, the Greek word for dry summer winds that blow across the Aegean Sea from the north. It is being led by Mary McDowell, the handset maker's executive vice president in charge of mobile phones, these people say. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> A spokesman for Nokia, Doug Dawson, declined to comment on the Finland-based company's future products or technologies. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> Nokia's attempt to build its own software is another sign that the value in the technology industry is shifting from hardware to software. In the past year, Google Inc.'s Android software has dominated the midrange smartphone market while Apple Inc.'s iPhone, which runs Apple's iOS software, has captured the high end. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> Analysts say mobile-handset makers that have their own software, such as Apple, have big advantages. They can better define their products against rivals and aren't dependent on other companies for growth. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> Nokia Corp., having abandoned its ambition to develop a high-end operating system, is shifting its programming efforts toward creating software for its low-end phones, according to people familiar with the matter. Greg Bensinger reports. AP Photo <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> Nokia's efforts mirror those of South Korea's Samsung Electronics Co., which is investing in its own operating system called Bada and making high-end smartphones that run Android, people familiar with the matter say. There is a danger in "being overcommitted to one platform," says Canalys analyst Tim Shepherd, referring to vendors who build smartphones that run Android. "The key, important thing is to spread the risk," he adds. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> The issue for Nokia, says one of the people familiar with the matter, is that even consumers in emerging markets now expect low-end feature phones to act like smartphones. Feature phones offer limited Internet functionality and are used mainly for voice and text communications. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> For Nokia, the low-end mobile-phone business is crucial to its survival. Feature phones accounted for about 47% of the company's device-and-services sales in the second quarter. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> In February, Nokia Chief Executive Stephen Elop pledged to boost the company's low-end phone business by targeting people in emerging markets who don't yet have cellphones. Emerging markets traditionally have been a source of strength for the Finnish company, but its lead in the category has been challenged by low-cost Chinese manufacturers. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> Less-costly smartphones—in part thanks to Android, which Google offers to manufacturers free of charge—also threaten to eclipse the low-end phone market. Feature-phone shipments fell 4% from a year earlier in the second quarter for the first time since 2009, according to market researcher IDC. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> Nokia has a long history in developing its own software. The company started work in 2003 on its own high-end operating system, called Maemo, but the effort faced setbacks inside Nokia due to management changes and shifts in strategy. Nokia initially envisioned the platform for use in tablet computers and electronic devices other than its phones, because the company didn't want to divert focus from its Symbian operating system, according to people familiar with the matter. After Apple launched the iPhone in 2007, Nokia started targeting Maemo for smartphones. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> Then last year, Nokia said it would combine Maemo with software from Intel Corp. to create a next-generation operating system called MeeGo. But in February, Mr. Elop said Nokia would make smartphones using Microsoft Corp. software, effectively ending Nokia's Intel partnership. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> This week Nokia began shipping its N9 smartphone, its last and only MeeGo device. The high-end smartphone features a 3.9-inch touch screen, and unlike Apple's iPhone and other touch-screen smartphones, lacks a home button at the bottom of the device. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> The N9 will be available in 50 markets including Russia, Brazil and China, but currently not the U.S. It will retail for between €480 and €560, or approximately $650 to $760, depending on storage size. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> On Wednesday, Intel announced support for a new operating system, called Tizen, reflecting its decision to reduce its focus on MeeGo, which was hurt when Nokia shifted its support to Microsoft's Windows system earlier this year. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> While Nokia won't be making any more MeeGo devices, there are indications that the touch-screen user interface in the N9 could make its way down to Nokia's feature phones. In announcing the Microsoft deal in February, Nokia said it planned to direct its MeeGo efforts toward next-generation devices and platforms. Meltemi made its first appearance in an internal Nokia memo, uncovered in April by a U.K. technology website, the Register. In the memo, Nokia said employees on the MeeGo teams would have opportunities within the Meltemi effort. And in an internal video that leaked online in June, Mr. Elop cited efforts to bring "full touch activity" to mobile phones and mentioned the Meltemi software effort. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> It is unclear how successful Nokia will be with its new software.To cope with the competitive challenges, Nokia introduced so-called dual-SIM phones that allow users to have two phone numbers, a popular feature in emerging markets. It is also working to close the gap with smartphones by launching feature phones with touch capability and a keypad.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> Read more: [|http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052970203405504576599011587667984.html#ixzz1a7DGfpBW]

=ARTICLE #3: BlackBerry Maker's Issue: Gadgets for Work or Play? <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;">VIDEO = ===By [|PHRED DVORAK], [|SUZANNE VRANICA] and [|SPENCER E. ANTE]=== <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;">As [|Research In Motion] Ltd. executives prepared early this year for the launch of their first tablet, the PlayBook, one big question loomed: Who was the device for? <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> Some executives, like RIM's technical visionary and co-chief executive Mike Lazaridis, saw the gadget as an extension of the BlackBerry, long favored by corporations and business people. Others were pushing for more focus on ordinary consumers, people eager for games, music and movies, according to executives close to the company. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> "There's an internal war going on around the marketing message. Even the guys at the top don't agree," one executive close to the company said at the time. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> The split showed through in a campaign RIM planned with its ad agency. It envisioned using humor and celebrities like New England Patriots quarterback Tom Brady—but also the tagline "Go Pro"—said two people familiar with the situation. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> By the time the PlayBook went on sale in April, both the campaign and the agency had been canned, and RIM's marketing chief and several of his deputies had left. The tablet, which got fresh competition this week when Amazon Inc. announced its low-cost Kindle Fire, is threatening to be one of RIM's biggest flops at a time when the company is reeling from a series of profit warnings, product delays, declining BlackBerry shipments and a tumbling stock. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> Research In Motion's struggle to determine the target audience for the PlayBook shows one of the BlackBerry maker's biggest problems: How to wean the company from its heavy corporate focus, Spencer Ante reports on digits.

Checkered Past
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;">Once dominant RIM began a steep slide after the iPhone caught on <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> [|View Interactive] <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> The marketing muddle shows one of the biggest problems facing RIM: In a market increasingly driven by the wishes of the retail consumer, its executives have struggled to wean the company from its heavy corporate focus. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> For years, Mr. Lazaridis resisted the consumer trend taking hold in the smartphone market, which the company's BlackBerry long dominated, according to people close to the company. He and his co-chief executive, [|Jim Balsillie], then fumbled attempts to catch up. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> RIM's foray into a new market, tablet computers, has been disappointing. It shipped just 200,000 PlayBooks in the three months ended in August. That was less than half the number shipped in the preceding quarter and a small fraction of the 9.3 million iPads [|Apple] Inc. shipped in the three months ended in June. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> Retailers have begun cutting the price of the PlayBook. Office Depot and Staples cut the price of the tablet to $399 and threw in $100 gift cards on top of that discount, while Best Buy was selling the tablet for $299. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> Amazon's Kindle Fire, meanwhile, is set to ship in November, and will be backed by the company's big customer base and extensive offerings of digital content. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> RIM on Thursday denied as "pure fiction" a report by an analyst who said he believed the company had halted PlayBook production. RIM said it "remains highly committed to the tablet market." <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> RIM's share of the key U.S. smartphone market, ranked by operating system, has fallen to 11.6% as of the end of June, according to research firm IDC. That put it in third place behind phones powered by Google Inc.'s Android system and the Apple iPhone. Five years ago, RIM had 48% of the U.S. market. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> Earlier this month, RIM jolted investors with news that BlackBerry shipments declined in its latest quarter from a year earlier, something that hadn't happened in almost a decade. The company cut 2,000 jobs this summer, almost 11% of its work force. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> RIM executives say a handful of new BlackBerry models launched this summer will stabilize sales until next year, when it plans to roll out a next-generation "super phone" with a more powerful operating system. The company has said a major software upgrade for the PlayBook, due in October, will boost sales of the tablet. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> RIM remains profitable and its BlackBerrys are still wildly popular in many countries, from the U.K. to Indonesia. Financially, the company is in good shape, with no debt and a comfortable cash stockpile. Mr. Lazaridis has said RIM is finally rolling out BlackBerrys that can vie with rivals in the "features and performance arms race." <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> Many industry watchers say RIM's high-powered PlayBook tablet could give the Apple iPad a run for its money once it gets enough applications and services to run on it. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> The company says it successfully adapted to the consumer shift and used it to expand internationally. A RIM spokeswoman, in an email response to questions, said the company sees its strategy as aimed at "more of a 'blending' of enterprise and consumer" customer needs. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> Bloomberg NewsResearch In Motion co-CEOs Mike Lazaridis, left, and Jim Balsillie at the firm's annual meeting in July 2010. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> RIM has been "able to offer products with the right features and price points for our global carrier and distribution partners," said the spokeswoman, who cited the popularity of BlackBerry Messenger, a messaging system that has become a big hit internationally and with young people in North America. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> Patrick Spence, RIM's head of global sales and regional marketing, acknowledged a mixed marketing message with the PlayBook launch. He said the tablet is aimed both at consumers and at business users who want to enhance the abilities of a BlackBerry smartphone. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> "The real target—and we could've had more clarity around that—was the 70 million existing BlackBerry subscribers out there," he said. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> Mr. Spence said RIM's future is bright if it can deliver on its promised migration next year to the new operating system, called QNX. The move is "setting up the next decade of the BlackBerry experience," he said. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> Some industry watchers worry that RIM is running out of time, arguing that because of the loss of so much market share, it's unclear whether even a successful QNX BlackBerry will be enough to stem RIM's market-share declines. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> In a recent note to investors, UBS analysts said RIM's transition to its new operating system needs to go off without a hitch in order to pick up critical support among application developers and other partners. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> Mr. Lazaridis dropped out of college in the early 1980s to start RIM with a $15,000 loan from his parents. He and a friend set up shop in an office over a Waterloo, Ontario, strip mall. Their first product was a device that sent text wirelessly to electronic signs. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> Eight years later, Mr. Lazaridis hired Mr. Balsillie, a hard-charging Harvard M.B.A. with a passion for hockey, who had tried to take over the company as part of a buyout team. The company brought out its first BlackBerry in 1999, the same year it listed its shares on Nasdaq. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> Sales took off as companies embraced email-on-the-go, and within five years the company had over 3,000 employees. It retained a small-company atmosphere, with most workers drawn from universities around Waterloo. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> As RIM grew to dominate the smartphone market, the leadership resisted early calls from wireless carriers to roll out consumer-friendly features such as cameras, according to a former executive and people close to the company. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> [|Sprint Nextel] Corp., for instance, started to worry that RIM was too slow to support innovative features then popping up in phones, like larger screens and faster processors, according to people familiar with Sprint's thinking. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> One former RIM executive says Mr. Lazaridis didn't want to compete in the cutthroat consumer-phone market, where margins were typically much smaller than in the corporate market. He also objected to cameras or music players, people close to RIM said, because he didn't think they would be favored by the government and military agencies that were some of RIM's biggest customers. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> RIM declined to make Mr. Lazaridis available to comment. The company has always listened to its carrier partners, said Mr. Spence. "We try to listen, and we try to balance that with various different sources and our view of the market to determine what makes the most sense," he said. "We definitely take the input." <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> RIM released its first big push into the mass market, the camera- and MP3-player-equipped Pearl, in 2006. Apple brought out the iPhone the next year, and Google soon followed with its Android operating system for smartphones. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> As competition mounted, a series of mini-crises buffeted RIM. It had a long-running legal battle with a patent holding company, finally settled in 2006. Then it had to investigate claims of back-dated stock options. It found sloppiness, not fraud, but Messrs. Lazaridis, Balsillie and another executive agreed to reimburse RIM about $83 million in connection with the matter. Mr. Balsillie stepped down from the board for a year. He declined to comment. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> Critics fretted that at an inflection point in the smartphone market, RIM's leaders were being distracted by the legal issues and also by their extracurricular activities. Mr. Lazaridis was involved in a theoretical-physics center he had founded in Waterloo, and Mr. Balsillie mounted a series of unsuccessful bids for a professional hockey team. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> RIM says the co-CEOs weren't distracted. "Mike and Jim have always been, and continue to be, fully and passionately engaged in RIM's business," the company said. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> By 2008, RIM's corporate-customer base was still growing strongly, and its consumer base was expanding even faster. The two sides of the business were nearly equal in size in 2009, according to estimates by National Bank Financial. But Apple's share of the North American smartphone market had shot up to over 20%, according to IDC. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> Engineers and executives debated what to do about the BlackBerry's operating system, which was looking old and slow next to Apple's, says a former RIM executive. The company started hiring outsiders to try to catch up. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> It brought in a "user-experience" executive from [|Microsoft] Corp., Don Lindsay, to design a new look and feel for the next iteration of the operating system. To revamp marketing, RIM hired Keith Pardy, who had done stints at consumer giants Nokia Corp. and [|Coca-Cola] Co. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> In 2010, RIM unveiled the BlackBerry Torch, the first phone to run on the revamped operating system. Its underpowered processor and low-resolution screen were big disappointments, at a time when U.S. consumers were clamoring for fast Internet browsing. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> By then, RIM had acquired a maker of a super-fast operating systems, an Ottawa company called QNX Software Systems. Messrs. Lazaridis and Balsillie wanted RIM's first tablet to use the new operating system and be out by the end of 2010, people close to RIM say. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> But hiccups developed. People familiar with Mr. Lindsay's user-experience group say it faced resistance in hiring certain designers because RIM recruiters preferred to bring in people from the Waterloo area. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> And RIM executives decided on a last-minute hardware switch: changing the semiconductors that would run the tablet to faster, more powerful processors better at graphics, applications and Web surfing, according to two people familiar with the matter. The launch was pushed back. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> At the same time, trouble was brewing in the marketing group. RIM tapped ad agency Leo Burnett, which had worked on major consumer brands. The agency butted heads with RIM executives over direction, including who the target audience of the BlackBerry brand was, according to people familiar with the relationship. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> They say some RIM executives found it difficult to give up on ads that highlight technical specifications. During a brainstorming session, some RIM marketing executives insisted on highlighting the phone's keyboard, one of these people said. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> RIM's Mr. Pardy was trying to wean the company off product-focused ads—a position that didn't win him any friends in the marketing department—two people familiar with the relationship say. Mr. Pardy declined to comment. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> Late last year, Leo Burnett and RIM parted ways. RIM then hired 72 and Sunny, a small California ad agency. Its first job: a campaign for the soon-to-be-launched PlayBook. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> But RIM hadn't settled on what the tablet's marketing message should be. Mr. Lazaridis was publicly describing it in late 2010 as a "professional tablet," inspired by feedback from corporate chief technology officers, who saw it as a way to enhance functions of a BlackBerry. Some RIM executives backed that idea and wanted to aim the tablet directly at corporate customers. Others wanted to go aggressively after ordinary consumers, emphasizing features like the device's video and game capabilities, says an executive close to RIM. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> Some RIM executives backed that idea and wanted to aim the tablet directly at corporate customers. Others wanted to go aggressively after ordinary consumers, emphasizing features like the device's video and game capabilities, says an executive close to RIM. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> The new ad agency held weekly meetings with RIM officials. It "presented hundreds of ideas and spent months having work rejected," says one person familiar with the matter. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> In early February, Mr. Pardy resigned as RIM's chief marketing officer. RIM fired the 72 and Sunny ad agency—just a month before the PlayBook rollout, according to two people familiar with the situation. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> On April 14, RIM held a launch event in New York. Some early reviews of the tablet had been scathing, especially about the inability to read email on the device without tethering it to a BlackBerry. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> Journalists, analysts and customers gathered around a stage expecting a news conference by Messrs. Balsillie and Lazaridis. At the last minute, RIM said the two wouldn't take the stage.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> Same article (two different links): <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #003399; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> [|http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052970204422404576597061591715344.html#ixzz1a7FQ8m2X] <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #003399; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> [|http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052970204422404576597061591715344.html#ixzz1a7F4x1Q0]